Nephilim After the Flood: Continuance of Supernatural Conflict

Genesis 6:4 contains four words that create a problem: the Nephilim were on the earth in those days, and also afterward.
Afterward. After the flood. And sure enough, the giant clans turn up again in Canaan.
Two explanations are on offer, and the sources present them as options rather than a settled conclusion. Either the flood of Genesis 6-8 was regional rather than global, or the behaviour described in Genesis 6:1-4 happened again after it. The Hebrew allows the second reading: the wording can be taken as whenever, suggesting a repetition of these preflood events after the flood.
One explanation is ruled out. The idea that the line came through Noah's own family does not work, because Genesis 6:9 goes out of its way to distance Noah from what caused the flood.
Scripture links:
- Genesis 6:4 - on the earth in those days, and also afterward.
- Numbers 13:33 - the spies see them again in Canaan.
- Deuteronomy 2:10-11 - the Emim, counted as Rephaim, as tall as the Anakim.
Two live options and one ruled out is an honest place to leave it.